Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched its SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) mission on 30 December 2024. This mission is a critical step for India’s future space exploration plans. Through space docking technology, ISRO has prepared itself to take it to another level, which is necessary for future missions like Chandrayaan-4 and Gaganyaan.

Highlights of SpaDeX Mission

1. Launch Details

Two small satellites, SDX01 (Chaser) and SDX02 (Target), were deployed at an altitude of 470 km through PSLV-C60 rocket.

Each satellite weighs approximately 220 kg.

If this mission is successful, India will become the fourth country in the world to own space docking technology (after USA, Russia and China).

2. Docking and Undocking Technology

Docking means connecting two satellites in space, and undocking means separating them.

This process is quite risky because satellites move at a speed of 28,800 km/hr, which carries a risk of collision.

High-precision tools such as laser range finder, docking cameras and visual cameras were used in the mission.

3. Payloads and Data Collection

A high-resolution camera (HRC) has been installed in SDX01 which will be useful in natural resources and vegetation monitoring.

SDX02 carries a radiation monitor payload that will measure space radiation. This data is critical for human spaceflight and future space missions.

Why is SpaDeX important for future missions?

The success of the SpaDeX mission will create a foundation for India’s ambitious space missions.

Chandrayaan-4 Mission: Docking technology is crucial for Chandrayaan-4, which is scheduled to launch by 2028, and will bring lunar samples back to Earth.

Gaganyaan Mission: This technology will also be critical for human spaceflight, especially when multiple launches are required.

Indian Space Station: This could also be a game-changer for India’s future space station.

Conclusion

SpaDeX Mission is a landmark for India’s space program. It is not just a technical experiment, but a strategic move that will take India ahead in the global race of space exploration. This capability of ISRO is not just a proof of scientific progress, but also an example of national pride. Projects like Chandrayaan-4 and Gaganyaan will heavily depend on the success of SpaDeX, and this mission will pave the way for India to take its dreams to space.